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Comparison of Three‑Dimensional Cephalometric Parameters Derived from Cone‑Beam Computed Tomography in Patients with Repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Non‑Cleft Skeletal Class III Subjects
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Fatemeh Shahrabi Farahani   , Hadis Khosravi , Ahmadreza Talaeipour * , Abdolreza Jamilian , Sanaz Heydarkhan Tehrani |
| , ar_talai@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (39 Views) |
Abstract
Background&Aim: Identifying differences in craniofacial morphology between patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and non‑cleft individuals with skeletal Class III relationships is clinically important for accurate diagnosis and orthodontic–surgical treatment planning. This study aimed to compare cephalometric parameters derived from cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT) images between patients with repaired UCLP and non‑cleft subjects with skeletal Class III malocclusion.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive–analytical cross‑sectional study, reconstructed lateral cephalograms obtained from CBCT images were evaluated. The study sample consisted of 37 patients with repaired UCLP and 37 non‑cleft patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. Cephalograms were generated using Dolphin software, and 26 hard‑tissue and 17 soft‑tissue parameters were analyzed. The effects of sex and the presence of cleft were assessed using two‑way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: No significant interaction between gender and cleft status was observed for any of the cephalometric variables. The effective maxillary depth was on average 2.64 mm shorter in the UCLP group compared with the non‑cleft skeletal Class III group (p < 0.001). The SNA angle and Lande’s angle were significantly greater in the non‑cleft group (p < 0.006 and p < 0.004, respectively), indicating a more retrusive maxillary position in patients with UCLP. No significant difference in the ANB angle was detected between the two groups. In the vertical dimension, the gonial angle, lower gonial angle, mandibular plane angle, and y‑axis angle were significantly greater in the UCLP group. Additionally, patients with UCLP exhibited a wider and more concave soft tissue profile.
Conclusion: Despite similar sagittal skeletal relationships between the maxilla and mandible, patients with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate demonstrate a greater maxillary retroposition, more severe vertical discrepancies, and a more concave soft‑tissue profile compared with non‑cleft individuals with skeletal Class III malocclusion.
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| Keywords: Cephalometry, Class III malocclusion, Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), Unilateral cleft lip and alate. |
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Full-Text [PDF 991 kb]
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Type of Study: original article |
Subject:
Radiology
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