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:: Volume 20, Issue 3 (jrds 2023) ::
J Res Dent Sci 2023, 20(3): 98-103 Back to browse issues page
Comparison of the Antifungal and Antibacterial Effects of Cloves and Fluconazole Solution on Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans Colonies
Shahrzad Amirkhan , Fatemeh Rashidi Meybodi * , Mehdi Rafiei , Shiva Brmar
Faculty of dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch, Islamic Azad university , mahtab.rashidi.mr@gmail.com
Abstract:   (641 Views)

Background and Aim : Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans are common microorganisms that cause infection in the form of caries and candidiasis.The aim of this study was to compare the antifungal and antibacterial effects of clove extract and fluconazole solution on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.
Materials and methods: In this laboratory study were used Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35668) and Candida albicans (ATCC 5027). Clove extract was prepared in concentrations of 6/25 -12/5 -25-50 -100. Then 10 mg of fluconazole powder was dissolved in methanol and brought to the desired volume and inoculated separately into wells in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar culture medium for Candida albicans and Mitis Salivarius Agar  for Streptococcus mutans. After 24-48 hours, the minimum inhibitory concentration and diameter of their growth inhibition zone were determined. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results: The mean diameter of the non-growth halo of Streptococcus mutans in the vicinity of clove extract had a significant difference (p<0.001). And in fluconazole solution, no growth halo diameter was observed against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The halo diameter of Candida albicans fungus was not observed in different concentrations of clove extract. But in the solution of fluconazole, there was an average diameter of the halo of non-growth against this fungus.
Conclusion:Clove extract has high antibacterial activity, but no evidence of antifungal effect was found in clove extract.
.

 
Article number: 3
Keywords: Clove, Fluconazole solution, Albicans Candida, Streptococcus mutans
Full-Text [PDF 620 kb]   (323 Downloads)    
Type of Study: original article | Subject: Oral Medicine
References
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20. Azmoudeh F, Aslanimehr M, Lourizadeh N. Effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans (in vitro study). Stud Med Sci. 2017;28(6):394-400
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24. Movaghari Pour A, Sheikh Fathollahi M, Poor Zamani M, Abedini S, Jamali Z. Comparison of anti-fungal effect of Origanum vulgare extract versus nystatin on Candida albicans; an in vitro study. J Mash Dent Sch. 2018;42(3):277-1.
25. Parthasarathy VA, Chempakam B, Zachariah TJ. Chemistry of Spices. London: CAB International , 2008. [DOI:10.1079/9781845934057.0000]
26. Figueiral MH, Fonseca P, Lopes MM, Pinto E, Pereira-Leite T, Sampaio-Maia B. Effect of denture_related Stomatitis Fluconazole Treatment on Oral Candida albicans Susceptibility profile and Genotypic Variability. Open Dent J. 2015;9:46-51 [DOI:10.2174/1874210601509010046] [PMID] [PMCID]
27. He XY, Meurman JH, Kari K, Rautemaa R, Samaranayake LP. In vitro adhesion of Candida species to denture base materials. Mycoses 2006; 49(2): 80-4. [DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2006.01189.x] [PMID]
28. Thein ZM, Samaranayake YH, Samaranayake LP. Characteristics of dual species Candida biofilms on denture acrylic surfaces. Arch Oral Biol 2007; 52(12): 1200-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2007.06.007] [PMID]
29. Vediyappan G, Chaffin WL. Non glucan attached proteins of Candida albicans biofilm formed on various surfaces. Mycopathologia 2006; 161(1): 3-10. [DOI:10.1007/s11046-005-0167-2] [PMID] [PMCID]
30. Nevzatoğlu EU, Ozcan M, Kulak-Ozkan Y, Kadir T. Adherence of Candida albicans to denture base acrylics and silicone-based resilient liner materials with different surface finishes. Clin Oral Investig 2007; 1(3): 231-6 [DOI:10.1007/s00784-007-0106-3] [PMID]
31. Naeini A, Jalayer Naderi N, Shokri H, Davati A, Rabiei SM. Evaluation of the Antifungal Effects of Compound Mouthwash (Cuminum cyminum, Melissa officinalis and Camellia sinensis) on Standard Strain of Candida albicans. J Mash Dent Sch. 2015;39(3):273-82.
32. Bhagavathy S, Mahendiran C, Kanchana R. Identification of glucosyl transferase inhibitors from Psidium guajava against Streptococcus mutans in dental caries. J Tradit Complement Med e. 2019;9(2):124-37 [DOI:10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.09.003] [PMID] [PMCID]
33. Fang J, Huang B, Ding Z. Efficacy of antifungal drugs in the treatment of oral candidiasis: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;125(2):257-265 [DOI:10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.12.025] [PMID]
34. Mima EG, Pavarina AC, Vargas Fda S, Giampaolo ET, Machado AL, Vergani CE. Effectiveness of chlorhexidine on the disinfection of complete dentures colonised with fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans: in vitro study. Mycoses 2011; 54(5): e506-e512. [DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2010.01968.x]
35. Williams D, Lewis M. Pathogenesis and treatment of oral candidosis. Oral Microbiol. 2011;3 [DOI:10.3402/jom.v3i0.5771] [PMID] [PMCID]
36. Taillandier J, Esnault Y, Alemanni M. A comparison of fluconazole oral suspension and amphotericin B oral suspension in older patients with oropharyngeal candidosis. Multicentre Study Group. Age Ageing 2000; 29(2): 117-23. [DOI:10.1093/ageing/29.2.117] [PMID]
37. Sholapurkar AA, Pai KM, Rao S. Comparison of efficacy of fluconazole mouthrinse and clotrimazole mouthpaint in the treatment of oral candidiasis. Aust Dent J 2009; 54(4): 341-6. [DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.2009.01160.x] [PMID]
38. Agah S, Fereshtehnejad SM, Yousefnejad A, Siavashi F. Antimicrobial Activity of Ketoconazole and Fluconazole against Metronidazole Resistance Strains of Helicobacter pylori: An in Vitro Study. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2008;7(1):57-0.
39. Yu H, Oho T, Tagomori S, Morioka T. Anticariogenic effects of green tea. Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi. 1992;83(4):174-80.
40. Bansal V, Gupta M, Bhaduri T, Shaikh SA, Sayed FR, Bansal V, Agrawal A. Assessment of Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Neem and Clove Extract Against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans: An in vitro Study. Niger Med J. 2019;60(6):285-289. [DOI:10.4103/nmj.NMJ_20_19] [PMID] [PMCID]
41. Khan A, Ahmad A, Manzoor N, Khan LA. Antifungal activities of Ocimum sanctum essential oil and its lead molecules. Nat Prod Commun. 2010 Feb;5(2):345-9. [DOI:10.1177/1934578X1000500235]
42. Ahmad A, Khan A, Manzoor N, Khan LA. Evolution of ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors as fungicidal against Candida. Microb Pathog. 2010;48(1):35-41. [DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2009.10.001] [PMID]
43. Pinto E, Pina-Vaz C, Salgueiro L, Gonçalves MJ, Costa-de-Oliveira S, Cavaleiro C, et al. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus pulegioides on Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. J Med Microbiol. 2006;55(Pt 10):1367-1373. [DOI:10.1099/jmm.0.46443-0] [PMID]
44. Aslanimehr M, Alizadeh A, Azmoudeh F. The effects of the grape seed extract on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study. Avicenna J Dent Res. 2020;12(2):35-39. [DOI:10.34172/ajdr.2020.08]
45. Purkait S, Bhattacharya A, Bag A, Chattopadhyay RR. Synergistic antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant efficacy of cinnamon and clove essential oils in combination. Arch Microbiol. 2020;202(6):1439-1448 [DOI:10.1007/s00203-020-01858-3] [PMID]
46. Azmoudeh F, Aslanimehr M, Lourizadeh N. Effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans (in vitro study). Stud Med Sci. 2017;28(6):394-400
47. Golpour H, Ranji N, Sharami SH. Investigation of antifungal effect of nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin on CDR1 gene expression in fluconazole-resistant isolates of Candida albicans. Journal of Microbial World 2017;10(3):222-230
48. Alshaikh NA, Perveen K. Susceptibility of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans to Thyme Essential Oil. Microorganisms. 2021;9(12):2454. [DOI:10.3390/microorganisms9122454] [PMID] [PMCID]
49. Faujdar Sameer S, Bisht Dakshina and Sharma Amisha. Antibacterial activity of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) against uropathogens producing ESBL, MBL, and AmpC beta-lactamase: Are we close to getting a new antibacterial agent? J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(1):180-186 [DOI:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_908_19] [PMID] [PMCID]
50. Movaghari Pour A, Sheikh Fathollahi M, Poor Zamani M, Abedini S, Jamali Z. Comparison of anti-fungal effect of Origanum vulgare extract versus nystatin on Candida albicans; an in vitro study. J Mash Dent Sch. 2018;42(3):277-1.
51. Parthasarathy VA, Chempakam B, Zachariah TJ. Chemistry of Spices. London: CAB International , 2008. [DOI:10.1079/9781845934057.0000]
52. Figueiral MH, Fonseca P, Lopes MM, Pinto E, Pereira-Leite T, Sampaio-Maia B. Effect of denture_related Stomatitis Fluconazole Treatment on Oral Candida albicans Susceptibility profile and Genotypic Variability. Open Dent J. 2015;9:46-51 [DOI:10.2174/1874210601509010046] [PMID] [PMCID]
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Amirkhan S, Rashidi Meybodi F, Rafiei M, Brmar S. Comparison of the Antifungal and Antibacterial Effects of Cloves and Fluconazole Solution on Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans Colonies. J Res Dent Sci 2023; 20 (3) : 3
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مجله تحقیق در علوم دندانپزشکی Res Dent Sci
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