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  Abstract:

  

  Background and Aim: Diverse teaching strategies have an imperative impact on learning process. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of practical-theoretical vs. theoretical-practical based teaching methods on learning process of dental anatomy and student's satisfaction in general.

  Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial cross over study was performed on 72 second-year dental students .The students were randomly divided into two experimental groups (A and B) .In the first phase, anatomy of the maxillary central incisors was presented to group A by theoretical-practical method(control group) and to group B by practical-theoretical method (experimental group) . In the second phase, anatomy of the mandibular central incisors was presented and the two group were switched. The learning adequacy in each group was assessed by a standard test at the end. The data was analyzed by Mann-U-Whitney test.

  Results : Total of 72 second-year dental students were assessed, Mean age was (21.2±1.5) and %68 of them were female and %32 were male. Reported scores in practical-theoretical teaching method was 16.8±0.8 and in theoretical-practical teaching method was 15.2±0.9. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). The score for student's satisfaction in practical- theoretical teaching method was 4.4±0.6 and for theoretical-practical teaching method was 3.3±0.8. This difference was statistically significant. (p<0.001)

  Conclusion : The practical-theoretical method of instruction appears to be more effective than the traditional lecture based education. Furthermore, higher students’ satisfaction is reported with this means of education.

 

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Abstract:

 

 

 

Background and aim: Lack of dental materials with adequate adhesion and sealing properties and the resultant microleakage is a major concern in dentistry. The use of denting bonding agents(DBA) in sealant therapy and their effect on microleakage remains controversial. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the level of microleakage in fissure sealants with and without DBA.

 

 

 

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 45 sound premolars which were suitable for sealant application were chosen and assigned randomly into three groups. Sealant was applied to all teeth with the same conventional technique. In the first group, fissure sealant was applied without bonding agent, in the second group, it was used with total etch bonding agent (single/3M), and finally in the third group it was applied with self-etch bonding agent (G-bond/GC). Microleakage assessment was done by a stereomicroscope. Results were evaluated with Mann-U-Whitney and one way-ANOVA tests.

 

 

 

Results: This study was performed on 45 tooth samples. In the first group, %7 and in the third group, %7 had no leakage. In the second group, %60 of specimens had no leakage. The amounts of microleakage in control, experimental 1 and 2 were 42.6%,12% and 37.3% respectively, and their difference was significant (P < 0.001). Single-bond significantly increased the retention of sealant (P < 0.05).

 

 

 Conclusion: It seems that the best practice for the placement of sealants remains enamel preparation with acid etch and the use of an intermediate bonding layer. The results showed that using 5th-generation bonding agent in comparison with 7th-generation bonding agent and not using any bonding decreased microleakage

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Abstract:

 

 

 

Background and Aim: The gag reflex is prevalent during dental impression taking. Conventional methods are available for controlling the gag reflex however, they are not without side effects. Alternative treatments have been proposed for this purpose. The current study assessed the effects of acupuncture on patients who had nausea during the upper alginate impression taking.

 

Materials and Methods: The study populations in this crossover clinical trial included (20) female dental students experiencing gagging during the upper alginate impression taking. Gagging Severity Index (GSI) and the Gagging Prevention Index (GPI)1-5 were used objectively by the operator and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (0-10) was used subjectively by the patient to assess and record the Gagging Reflex (GR). The patients were allocated to groups of control, empirical 1 and empirical 2. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the changes of reflex ranking.

 

 

 

Results: A total of 60 samples (20 individuals) were assessed in this study. Their initial reflex during impression taking was observed to be 3.3±0.22, 1.35±0.53 in Sham group, indicating about 59% decrease (P<0.0001). In empirical group 2 it was equal to 1 showing 70% decrease (P<0.0001). Based upon VAS, GR had decrease by 49% in Sham group and 100% in case group (P<0.0001).

 

 

 

Conclusion: According to results of this study it seems that acupuncture decreases the gag reflex during upper alginate impression taking.

 

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Background and Aim: Oral hygiene instructions appear to be ineffective in children who lack adequate motor skills for efficient tooth brushing. This will result in development of caries and periodontal disease. This study sought to assess the tooth brushing skills and the role of related factors in 5-6 year old children in Tehran, Iran. 

 

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 680 five and six year-old children including 240 girls and 440 boys. The psychomotor skills of the hands and feet were tested in children and their tooth brushing skill was evaluated using 7 criteria. Other related factors were also assessed. Chi square test was applied to assess the correlation of tooth brushing skill with age of children and related factors.

 

Results: Of all children, 21.1% possessed the required tooth brushing skills while 78.9% did not 41% of those who did not and 16% of those who did have the tooth brushing skills, did not have psychomotor skills in hands and feet in their age group (P<0.001). Significant correlations were found between tooth brushing skills of children (P<0.09) and place of residence in the city (P<0.07). 

 

Conclusion: Lack of tooth brushing skills in children who otherwise have adequately acquired other psychomotor skills related to their age group indicates the complexity of tooth brushing technique for children. Parental supervision is strongly recommended for tooth brushing in this age group.

 

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Background & Aim: Gag reflex occurs during some diagnostic examinations and dental treatments. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acupressure on the patients with gag reflex during clinical examinations with tongue blade.

 

 Materials & Methods: this clinical trial was performed on patients with gag reflex during oral examinations with tongue blade. The reflex level was assessed by standard vigesimal Glasgow Scale. The patients were divided to three groups of control (without palpation), case group 1 (with palpation of the palm pressure point) and case group 2 (with palpation and pressing the above mentioned body part). The changes in the level of gag reflex were analyzed by Kruskal - Wallis Test.

 

Results: 75 individuals were evaluated. The level of changes in gag reflex in the control group was 0.71±0.43 and this level equaled 1.69±0.88 in the case group 1 and 3.9±1.9 in the case group 2. (p<0.01)

 

 Conclusion: according to the results of this study, it seems that traditional medicine of press palpation decreases gag reflex.

 

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ABSTRACT

 

 

 

Background and Aim: Dimensional changes of the impression materials after disinfection is a serious problem in dentistry which could fail the treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of three disinfectants:2% Deconex,5.25% sodium hypochlorite and Nanosil D2 ,on dimensional changes of Bayer Alginate.

 

 

 

Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 32 impressions were taken from one model. The impressions were divided in to four groups: one group was consireded as the control and the other three case groups were disinfected with the mentioned materials .After disinfection and pouring the casts, measurement was done in different dimensions using Electronic Digital Caliper. The acquired data were analyzed with One Way ANOVA test.

 

 

 

Results: Dimensional changes of Bayer Alginate after disinfection with two mentioned disinfectants 5.25%Sodium Hypochlorite and Nanosil D2 was significant but they were within standard limit .(P.value<0.05)but about 2%Deconex, P.value was not significant.(P.value>0.05)

 

 

 

Conclusions: Evaluating the results showed that 2%Deconex caused less dimensional changes in comparision to 5.25%Sodium Hypochlorite and Nanosil D2 statistically .However percentage dimensional changes of three materials were in standard limit of alginate dimensional changes. Each of them can be used to disinfecting alginate by immersion technique .

 

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Background and AIM: Considering the gap of information on the efficacy of Internet-based instruction, this study sought to compare the effect of Internet-based and traditionalinstruction of oral and maxillofacial medicine on the knowledge and satisfaction of dentalstudents.

Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 39 fourth-year dentalstudents, who were randomly divided into two groups of A and B. In the first phase, group Astudents received lecture instruction for five lesions including squamous cell carcinoma, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, lichen planus, leukoplakia and pyogenic granuloma and then received online instruction for herpangina, hand, foot, and mouth disease, acute lymphonodular pharyngitis, aphthous ulcer and erythema multiform. In the second phase, group B students received lecture instruction for herpangina, hand, foot, and mouth disease, acute lymphonodular

pharyngitis, aphthous ulcer and erythema multiform and then web-based instruction for  squamous cell carcinoma, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, lichen planus, leukoplakia and pyogenic granuloma. After 21 days, the quality of learning and satisfaction of both groups with the methods of instruction were tested and the data were analyzed using Man U Whitney test and Spss software.

Results: Of 39 students, 26 (66.5%) were females and 13 (33.5%) were males with a mean age of 24.42 years. The knowledge score was 11.97±2.18 and 12.98±3.17 in the traditional and Internet-based instruction, respectively; the difference in this regard between the two groups was not statistically significant (P<0.2). Level of satisfaction of students with traditional instruction was very good in 20.5%, good in 59% and moderate in 20.5%. Level of satisfaction of students with web-based instruction was very good in 17.9%, good in 51%, moderate in 23.5% and poor in 7.6%. The difference in satisfaction between the two groups was not significant (P<0.7).

Conclusion: It appears that conformity of the method of instruction with the topic to be

instructed is identical with method of instruction online for the oral and maxillofacial medicine course. But there was no significant different for level of satisfaction for two method.

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ABSTRACT
 Background and Aim: Mechanical, intermittent and precise microbial plaque is one of the main stages of chronic periodontal disease treatment. Due to the increasing use of herbal toothpaste, this study was conducted to compare the effects of Crest 7 Complete with Silca herbal toothpaste.  
Materials and Methods: In this cross-over clinical trial study, 60 dental students (14 males and 46 females) with a mean age of 25.38 ± 1.58 were selected. The plaque index was recorded, scaling and prophylaxis was done. The toothpastes (Silca and Colgate) were randomly assigned to individuals. After 14 days, the plaque index was registered. Scaling and prophylaxis were performed again and the second toothpaste was given. Changes in plaque index were analyzed by Mann-U-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests.
 Results: Plaque index for the Crest was 0.91 ± 0.23 and for the Silca was 0.85 ± 0.20 and the difference was not statistically significant ( p< 0.4).The changes in dental plaque for the Crest toothpaste was 0. 81 and for the Silca toothpaste was 0.76, the changes were not statistically significant ( p< 0.4). Within each group, Crest and Silca toothpaste reduced dental plaque respectively from 1.67 to 0.91 (48.5 percent) and from 1.65 to 0.85 (51.5% ) that the changes were statistically significant( p<0.02).
Conclusion: Silca herbal toothpaste similar to the Complete crest 7 is effective in controlling dental plaque. and has taste preferance for users.