دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Effects of Hydrogen peroxide white strip on saliva pH (In vivo)
1
6
FA
M
Hoorizad
H
Heshmat
L
Poor nazari
Abstract:
Background and Aim: One of the adverse effects of acidic whitening materials is salivary pH changes of the oral cavity and the resultant damage to tooth structure. The concern for potential side effects is greater when OTC bleaching products are used without consultation of a dental professional. The purpose of this in vivo study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching strips on salivary pH of dental students (in vivo).
Materials and Methods: This experimental in vivo research was done on 20 dental students aged 20-24 years old. All subjects signed a consent form before participating in the study. Students' unstimulated salivary pH was measured by saliva- check kit (GC, USA). Bleaching strips (crest advanced vivid white strip, USA) containing 9.5% hydrogen peroxide were applied to the surface of six anterior maxillary teeth for 14 days (30 minutes daily) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Salivary pH was measured on first, seventh and fourteenth day of the treatment. Measurements were taken 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes into the treatment as well as 30 minutes following treatment completion. Statistical analysis was done by Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: A statistically insignificant decline in salivary pH level was seen 10 minutes into the procedure on first, seventh and 14th day of the treatment (p<0.2). Salivary pH value returned to baseline 30-60 min after initiation of treatment. The difference in baseline and final pH value (upon completion of treatment) was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, bleaching strips containing 9.5% hydrogen peroxide have no effect on salivary pH.
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Comparing Antibacterial Effects of Sodium Diclofenac, Mixture of Diclofenac and Streptomycin, Tri-antibiotic and Calcium Hydroxide against enterococcus faecali
7
14
FA
A
Morsali ahari
M
Khabiri
A
Tahmures pour
M
Zare Jahromi
Abstract: Background and Aim: The present study compared antibacterial efficacy of sodium diclofenac,
sodium diclofenac + streptomycin, tri-antibiotic and calcium hydroxide on
enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro trial, enterococcus faecalis was cultured on blood agar
plate overnight. Colonies from this culture were suspended in 10 ml of normal
saline solution and the resulting bacterial suspension turbidity was adjusted
to McFarland standard (108 CFU/ml). E. faecalis biofilm was dispensed on 56
sterile cellulose nitrate filter disks 13mm in diameter, 0.2 micron in
thickness. The disks were placed on blood agar plates and incubated
anaerobically for 48 hours at 37’C. After incubation, the disks were introduced
to antibacterial agents. Buffered saline was used to wash out the disks five
times in order to terminate the antibacterial activity of the agents. The colony-forming units of the remaining viable
bacteria on the disks were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using
Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: Tri-antibiotic
and streptomycin completely removed enterococcus faecalis strains from the
culture. The next highest antibacterial activity was found in modified tri-antibiotic,
diclofenac in combination with streptomycin, diclofenac alone, and calcium
hydroxide (mean CFU: 135.8, 160.67, 207, and 794.5 respectively p<0.004).
The use of streptomycin with sodium diclofenac improved the antibacterial
efficacy (p<0.004) while replacement of the sodium diclofenac with
minocycline in tri-antibiotic drug significantly decreased the antibacterial
activity of the agent (p<0.002). Conclusion: Antibacterial
properties of sodium diclofenac against enterococcus faecalis biofilm were was
significantly higher than calcium hydroxide. Its use may be feasible as an
alternative to calcium hydroxide in root canal therapy.
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Evaluating the effect of tea solution on color stability of three dental composite (In Vitro)
14
19
FA
farnaz
mahdisier
negin
nasohi
mehdi
safi
yaser
sahraee
SOMAYEH
zavarian
Background and Aim: The Color stability of composite resin materials is important for satisfactory restorative results. Discoloration of composite restorations can bring about patient dissatisfaction as well as long term failure of the restoration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of tea solution on color stability of 3 nanocomposites.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 30 composite disks 8.5 mm in diameter and 2mm in thickness were made from the following composite materials: Grandio, Z350XT and Herculite XRV Ultra. The samples were assigned to 3 groups of 10 based on the composite material they were made of Half of the samples in each group (5 disks) were immersed in tea solution and the other half (5 disks) were submerged in pure water. Specimens were treated in selected solutions for 72 hours. Calorimetric assessment was done with a spectrophotometer before and after immersion in designated solutions. . Statistical analysis of the results were done using two-way ANOVA test.
Measured discolorations for tested composites Z350XT, Grandio, and Herculite XRV were 1.62 ± 0.59, 2.46 ± 0.74, and 2.92 ± 0.72 respectively. The discoloration (ΔE) of all three composites after immersion in tea was significant (P=0.03) compared to initial colors However, it was within the clinically acceptable range (ΔE < 3.3). The Color change after immersion in pure water was not significant (P=0.1).
Conclusion: The highest level of discoloration belonged to Z350XT composite, and the lowest discoloration belonged to Herculite XRV Ultra.
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Stability and duration of antifungal effects of Nystatin and Fluconazole mixed with a tissue conditioner on colonization of Candida Albicans (in vitro)
21
26
FA
A
Fallah-tafti
A
Jafari
L
Mirzaeiipoorm
H
Ashoori
Abstract: Background and Aim:
Tissue conditioners are used to manage irritation of denture bearing mucosa.
These liners, however, promote adherence and colonization by Candida Albicans
which can be prevented by incorporating antifungal agents into them. The aim of
this in vitro study was to assess the stability and duration of antifungal
effects of nystatin and fluconazole mixed with a tissue conditioner on colonization
of Candida Albicans. Materials and Methods:
In this experimental study, antifungal test disks were
prepared using tissue conditioner mixed with nystatin and fluconazole. Similar
drug free tissue conditioner disks were prepared as controls. The disks were
immersed and kept in artificial sterile saliva until used for susceptibility
test. They were placed on the Sabouraud dextrose agar plates streaked with C.
Albicans inoculum and using the agar diffusion test, colonization inhibitory
effects were evaluated in one, two, three and 5 day intervals based on saliva
immersion period. The mean inhibitory zone around disks at different time
intervals were analyzed with SPSS15 software using ANOVA and Tukey’s
statistical tests for multiple and pairwise comparisons respectively. Results: The average diameter of inhibitory zone around nystatin
and fluconazole disks after 24hour of immersion in saliva were 11.2 and 8.6 mm
respectively. The difference in the mean zone of inhibition was statistically
significant after 24 hours (p=0.0001) and 48 hours (p=0.013). This difference
was not statistically significant after 72hours or 5 day interval. (P>0.05)
Conclusion: The stability of nystatin and fluconazole
mixed with a tissue conditioner is not adequate and antifungal effects are seen
only for 72 hours while in contact with saliva. Optimum antifungal activity
could be expected in the first 24 hours. Nystatin exhibits higher inhibitory
effects compared to fluconazole.
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Evaluating the effect of tea solution on color stability of three dental composite (In Vitro)
21
26
FA
F
Mahdisiar
N
Nasoohi
M
Safi
Y
Sahraee
S
Zavareian
Background and Aim: The
Color stability of composite resin materials is important for satisfactory
restorative results. Discoloration of composite restorations can bring about
patient dissatisfaction as well as long term failure of the restoration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
effect of tea solution on color stability of 3 nanocomposites. Materials and Methods: In this
experimental study 30 composite disks 8.5 mm in diameter and 2mm in thickness
were made from the following composite materials: Grandio, Z350XT and Herculite XRV Ultra. The samples were assigned to 3 groups of 10
based on the composite material they were made of Half of the samples in each
group (5 disks) were immersed in tea solution and the other half (5 disks) were
submerged in pure water. Specimens were treated in selected solutions for 72
hours. Calorimetric assessment was done with a spectrophotometer before and
after immersion in designated solutions. . Statistical analysis of the results were done using two-way ANOVA
test. Results: Measured
discolorations for tested composites Z350XT, Grandio, and Herculite
XRV
were 1.62 ± 0.59, 2.46 ± 0.74, and 2.92 ± 0.72 respectively. The discoloration
(ΔE) of all three composites after immersion in tea was significant (P=0.03)
compared to initial colors However, it was within the clinically acceptable
range (ΔE < 3.3). The Color change after immersion in pure water was not
significant (P=0.1). Conclusion: The highest level of discoloration belonged to Z350XT
composite, and the lowest discoloration belonged to Herculite XRV Ultra
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Quantification of Dental Electrical Parameters to Measure the Caries Depth
27
32
FA
MA
Younessi heravi
V
Motamedsanaye
Background and Aim: Dental caries is the most
common cause of tooth loss and early detection of dental caries is a major
step towards dental health. Carious lesions is a fundamental step in
preserving dental health. Tooth decay could change tooth electrical
conductivity. The
porosity of the enamel tissue as well as the electrical conductivity of teeth
can be altered by tooth decay. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure
the electrical resistance of teeth and its relation to the degree of dental
caries. Materials
and Methods: In this experimental study to
investigate the structural differences in dental caries, electrical parameters
such as resistance and capacitance of teeth were measured for sound enamel and
dentin, superficial caries, deep caries, and extensive caries. The resistance
and capacitance of teeth with various degrees of decay were compared with sound
teeth. The relationship between the electrical parameters and the decay rate
was evaluated using ANOVA Test. Results: The
results showed that the electrical
resistances changed significantly by decay (p<0.05) By increasing the depth
of tooth decay, the electrical resistance decreased based on a linear
relationship. It also revealed there was a significant association between
capacitance and deep and superficial decay. (P=0.01) The capacitance and decay
changed based on a non-linear relationship. Conclusion:
Quantification of dental resistance can be a useful tool for detection of
caries, and it is proposed as a method for detecting deep caries with high
accuracy.
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Salivary cortisol levels and moderate to severe periodontitis
33
39
FA
A
Azizi
F
Sarlati
M
Shekarabi
O
Hedayati
T
Tabarestani
Abstract: Background and Aim: Periodontal
diseases are the most prevalent diseases of the oral cavity. The objective of
this study was to evaluate the association between the salivary cortisol levels
with moderate to severe periodontitis in patients referring to Oral Medicine
Department of Dental Branch of Islamic Azad University of Tehran. Materials and Methods: This
study was case control. Thirty patients with moderate to severe periodontitis
were selected as case group and 30 patients were selected as control group.
They answered hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD scale) stress
questionnaire. Periodontal indices such as plaque index and pocket probing
depth and clinical attachment loss were assessed. Each subject provided a saliva sample of
1ml and the cortisol level was assessed
by ELISA method. Both groups were matched regarding confounding variables (age,
sex and smoking). Data were analyzed using chi-squared test and using Odds
Ratio. Correlation between HAD scale results and salivary cortisol level was
assessed using Pearson correlation test. Results: The mean age of case group was
41.77 ± 7.92 and the mean age of control group was 40.73 ± 7.94. Cut off point
of salivary cortisol level was determined as 5.7 ng/ml by ROC curve method.
There were 17 patients (56.7%) in case group and 4 in control group (13.3%) who
exhibited salivary cortisol level over 5.7 ng/ml (p<0.0005). The mean of HAD
scale was 14.07 ± 6.10 in case group and 11.27 ± 4.24 in control group. Conclusion: The
results indicate that there is a significant positive association between
elevated salivary cortisol levels and moderate to severe periodontitis. This
finding justifies further cohort studies or clinical trials.
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Evaluating the association between passive smoking with total antioxidant capacity and salivary lipid peroxidation levels in 12 to 15 year old adolescents
40
44
FA
M
Mottalebnejad
M
Pouramir
N
Jenabian
M
Ranjbar Omrani
A
Bijani
F
yarmand
Abstract: Background
and Aim: Passive cigarette
smoking or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is a major public health
concern. Children are the most vulnerable group to ETS exposure. The aim of
this study was to evaluate the relationship between passive smoking and Total
Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and salivary lipid peroxidation in adolescents. Materials
and Methods: In this historical cohort study sixty
adolescents aged 12 to 15 years old were selected. The subjects were assigned
into two groups of healthy non-smokers (control) and passive smokers (case) and
they were matched for age and sex. Unstimulated saliva was collected with
spiting method, and then TAC and salivary lipid peroxidation were measured with
FRAP and TBARS methods respectively. Statistical analysis was done using independent t-test. Results: TAC was significantly lower in passive
smokers (1218.8±511.5 µmol) than in nonsmokers (1490.5±379.2 µmol) (p=0.023).
Salivary lipid peroxidation level was higher in passive smokers (14.6±0.6 µmol)
than in nonsmokers (14.4±0.8 µmol) but it the difference was not statistically
significant (p=0.176). Conclusions: The exposure to
cigarette smoke can cause a reduction in the salivary Total Antioxidant
Capacity.
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
Efficacy of digital panoramic radiography devices and CBCT in measuring the minimum distance between the floor of maxillary sinus and the alveolar crest (A comparison)
45
49
FA
AR
Talaeipour
L
Hafezi L
S
Gurang
SM
Sajedi
S
Yazdanpanah
Abstract: Background and Aim: An
accurate localization of the lowest border of the cortex of maxillary sinus
floor is important to avoid injury in certain surgical procedures. The aim of
this study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of linear measurements
between digital panoramic radiography and cone beam computerized tomography
(CBCT) in determining the vertical distance between the alveolar crest and
floor of the maxillary sinus. Material and Methods: In this
descriptive study 2 cadaver’s skull were used. Thirteen areas separated by 5mm distance were selected on each
skull. A total 26 reference points were
marked by gutta percha cones between maxillary first premolar and second
molar. Digital panoramic radiography and
CBCT were obtained, after which, direct
measurements were taken on sectioned skulls using a digital caliper(0.1mm
accuracy). After of adjusting the radiographic values with the
magnification factors given for each unit,statistical analysis was done using
the Wilcoxon and signed ranks test. Results: The mean error for linear
measurements was 0.36 + 0.34 mm in
digital panoramic radiography and 0.08 ±0.06mm in CBCT (P= 0.001). All (100%) values
obtained for CBCT and 65.38% of values obtained for digital panoramic were
within ± 0.5 mm of error limits. Conclusion: CBCT offers more accurate
linear measurements to determine the vertical distance between the alveolar
crest and floor of the maxillary
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد دندانپزشکی
Res Dent Sci
2008-4676
11
1
2014
3
1
The analysis of correlation between facial width and mesiodistal width of maxillary anterior teeth
50
54
FA
H
Joneidi Jafari
O
Radmehr
R
Kaviani
N
Valaei
Abstract: Background and Aim: Esthetics
is one of the prosthetic treatment goals. Correct selection of anterior teeth,
regarding size and appearance, results in a successful treatment. Using the
extra oral indicators is a common method to determine the size of the tooth. In
this study, the correlation between the facial widths (in bizygomatic and
intercondylar areas) and the mesiodistal width of maxillary central incisors
was analyzed. Materials
and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on
100 qualified students, 50 females and 50 males. Two facial widths comprising
Intercondylar width -distance between two approximately Beyron hinge axis- and
bizygomatic width -two most convex points of zygomatic arch- were marked and
measured by a facebow and a digital caliper. Mesiodistal maxillary central
incisors’ widths were measured by a digital caliper. The collected data were
analyzed via Pearson correlation coefficient. Results:
The mesiodistal width of right central incisor was 8.47±0.56. The mesiodistal
width of left central incisor was 8.54±0.64.The bizygomatic width was
126.15±6.74. The intercondylar width was 131.43±5.41. There was no correlation
between bizygomatic width and central incisors (P>0.05) and a weak
correlation between intercondylar width and central incisors in Iranian
community. Conclusion: Facial width is not recommended as a
suitable landmark for estimating the mesiodistal width of maxillary central
incisors.